Westminster Abbey

20 Dean's Yard, Westminster Abbey. (Open Map)
(75)

Description

Westminster Abbey is a grand architectural hybrid and the most iconic example of Early English Gothic style. It serves not only as a beautiful place of worship, but is also a hub of ongoing historical events. Not classified as a cathedral, it is officially a "royal peculiar" and is administered by the Crown. Inside, the tiled sanctuary is where coronations, royal weddings and funerals take place. The High Altar, designed in 1873 by George Gilbert Scott, stands at the heart of the Abbey, with the Cosmati Pavement in front of it, dating back to 1268. The alabaster Virgin and Child at the entrance to the Chapel of St John the Baptist was placed in 1971. The most sacred spot in the church is the shrine of St Edward the Confessor, which lies behind the High Altar and is only accessible through guided tours due to its delicate flooring. The Quire (choir) is also a remarkable space, with its gold, blue and red Victorian Gothic, and black-and-white chequerboard tiled floor. The Queen's Diamond Jubilee Galleries, opened in 2018, is a museum and gallery located in the triforium, offering exhibits like the death masks and wax effigies of generations of royalty, armor and stained glass. At the western end of the nave is the Tomb of the Unknown Warrior and St George's Chapel, containing the Coronation Chair which has been used for the coronation of every monarch since the early 14th century. Poets' Corner and Scientists' Corner contain the resting places of many famous literary and scientific figures. The Chapter House dates from the 1250s and was where the monks would meet for prayer and job assignments. The Abbey was founded in AD 960 by King Edward, consecrated shortly before his death in 1066. Henry III began work on the new Abbey building in 1245, and the Gothic nave was completed under Richard II in 1388. The Lady Chapel was finished in 1516. Every monarch since William the Conqueror has been crowned here (with the exception of Mary II and William III who had their own chairs fashioned).